Vulnerability reports and responsible disclosures are essential for website security awareness and education. Automated attacks targeting known software vulnerabilities are one of the leading causes of website compromises.
To help educate website owners about potential threats to their environments, we’ve compiled a list of important security updates and vulnerability patches for the WordPress ecosystem this past month.
The vulnerabilities listed below are virtually patched by the Sucuri Firewall and existing clients are protected. If you don’t have it installed yet, you can use our web application firewall to protect your site against known vulnerabilities.
Plugins
Newsletter – Send awesome emails from WordPress – Cross Site Scripting (XSS)
Security Risk: Medium Exploitation Level: Requires Administrator or higher level authentication. Vulnerability: Cross Site Scripting (XSS) CVE: CVE-2025-3583 Number of Installations: 300,000+ Affected Software: Newsletter – Send awesome emails from WordPress <= 8.7.0 Patched Versions: Newsletter – Send awesome emails from WordPress 8.7.1
Mitigation steps: Update to Newsletter – Send awesome emails from WordPress plugin version 8.7.1 or greater.
SureForms – Drag and Drop Form Builder for WordPress – Cross Site Scripting (XSS)
Security Risk: Medium Exploitation Level: Requires Administrator or higher level authentication. Vulnerability: Cross Site Scripting (XSS) CVE: CVE-2025-3513 Number of Installations: 200,000+ Affected Software: SureForms – Drag and Drop Form Builder for WordPress <= 1.4.3 Patched Versions: SureForms – Drag and Drop Form Builder for WordPress 1.4.4
Mitigation steps: Update to SureForms – Drag and Drop Form Builder for WordPress plugin version 1.4.4 or greater.
Popup and Slider Builder by Depicter – SQL Injection
Security Risk: Critical Exploitation Level: No authentication required. Vulnerability: SQL Injection CVE: CVE-2025-2011 Number of Installations: 100,000+ Affected Software: Popup and Slider Builder by Depicter <= 3.6.1 Patched Versions: Popup and Slider Builder by Depicter 3.6.2
Mitigation steps: Update to Popup and Slider Builder by Depicter plugin version 3.6.2 or greater.
OttoKit: All-in-One Automation Platform (Formerly SureTriggers) – Privilege Escalation
Security Risk: Critical Exploitation Level: No authentication required. Vulnerability: Privilege Escalation CVE: CVE-2025-27007 Number of Installations: 100,000+ Affected Software: OttoKit: All-in-One Automation Platform (Formerly SureTriggers) <= 1.0.82 Patched Versions: OttoKit: All-in-One Automation Platform (Formerly SureTriggers) 1.0.83
Mitigation steps: Update to OttoKit: All-in-One Automation Platform (Formerly SureTriggers) plugin version 1.0.83 or greater.
User Registration & Membership – Custom Registration Form, Login Form, and User Profile – Insecure Direct Object References (IDOR)
Security Risk: Medium Exploitation Level: No authentication required. Vulnerability: Insecure Direct Object References (IDOR) CVE: CVE-2025-3281 Number of Installations: 70,000+ Affected Software: User Registration & Membership – Custom Registration Form, Login Form, and User Profile <= 4.2.1 Patched Versions: User Registration & Membership – Custom Registration Form, Login Form, and User Profile 4.2.2
Mitigation steps: Update to User Registration & Membership – Custom Registration Form, Login Form, and User Profile plugin version 4.2.2 or greater.
WP Maps – Display Google Maps Perfectly with Ease – Cross Site Scripting (XSS)
Security Risk: Medium Exploitation Level: Requires Administrator or higher level authentication. Vulnerability: Cross Site Scripting (XSS) CVE: CVE-2025-3502 Number of Installations: 70,000+ Affected Software: WP Maps – Display Google Maps Perfectly with Ease <= 4.7.1 Patched Versions: WP Maps – Display Google Maps Perfectly with Ease 4.7.2
Mitigation steps: Update to WP Maps – Display Google Maps Perfectly with Ease plugin version 4.7.2 or greater.
Ultimate Member – User Profile, Registration, Login, Member Directory, Content Restriction & Membership Plugin – Arbitrary Code Execution
Security Risk: Medium Exploitation Level: Requires Administrator or higher level authentication. Vulnerability: Arbitrary Code Execution CVE: CVE-2025-47691 Number of Installations: 200,000+ Affected Software: Ultimate Member – User Profile, Registration, Login, Member Directory, Content Restriction & Membership Plugin (all versions) Patched Versions: No Fix
Mitigation steps: No patch is currently available. Consider disabling the plugin until a fix is released.
Inline Related Posts – Cross Site Scripting (XSS)
Security Risk: Medium Exploitation Level: Requires Contributor or higher level authentication. Vulnerability: Cross Site Scripting (XSS) CVE: CVE-2025-47604 Number of Installations: 100,000+ Affected Software: Inline Related Posts (all versions) Patched Versions: No Fix
Mitigation steps: No patch is currently available. Consider disabling the plugin until a fix is released.
List category posts – Local File Inclusion
Security Risk: High Exploitation Level: Requires Contributor or higher level authentication. Vulnerability: Local File Inclusion CVE: CVE-2025-47636 Number of Installations: 90,000+ Affected Software: List category posts (all versions) Patched Versions: No Fix
Mitigation steps: No patch is currently available. Consider disabling the plugin until a fix is released.
WP Maintenance – PHP Object Injection
Security Risk: High Exploitation Level: Requires Administrator or higher level authentication. Vulnerability: PHP Object Injection CVE: CVE-2025-47683 Number of Installations: 50,000+ Affected Software: WP Maintenance (all versions) Patched Versions: No Fix
Mitigation steps: No patch is currently available. Consider disabling the plugin until a fix is released.
LiteSpeed Cache – Server Side Request Forgery (SSRF)
Security Risk: Medium Exploitation Level: Requires Editor or higher level authentication. Vulnerability: Server Side Request Forgery (SSRF) CVE: CVE-2025-47437 Number of Installations: 7,000,000+ Affected Software: LiteSpeed Cache <= 7.0.0 Patched Versions: LiteSpeed Cache 7.1
Mitigation steps: Update to LiteSpeed Cache plugin version 7.1 or greater.
WPForms – Easy Form Builder for WordPress – Contact Forms, Payment Forms, Surveys, & More – Cross Site Scripting (XSS)
Security Risk: Medium Exploitation Level: Requires Contributor or higher level authentication. Vulnerability: Cross Site Scripting (XSS) CVE: CVE-2025-3794 Number of Installations: 6,000,000+ Affected Software: WPForms – Easy Form Builder for WordPress – Contact Forms, Payment Forms, Surveys, & More <= 1.9.5 Patched Versions: WPForms – Easy Form Builder for WordPress – Contact Forms, Payment Forms, Surveys, & More 1.9.5.1
Mitigation steps: Update to WPForms – Easy Form Builder for WordPress – Contact Forms, Payment Forms, Surveys, & More plugin version 1.9.5.1 or greater.
Website Builder by SeedProd — Theme Builder, Landing Page Builder, Coming Soon Page, Maintenance Mode – Broken Access Control
Security Risk: Medium Exploitation Level: Requires Subscriber or higher level authentication. Vulnerability: Broken Access Control CVE: CVE-2025-3949 Number of Installations: 800,000+ Affected Software: Website Builder by SeedProd — Theme Builder, Landing Page Builder, Coming Soon Page, Maintenance Mode <= 6.18.15 Patched Versions: Website Builder by SeedProd — Theme Builder, Landing Page Builder, Coming Soon Page, Maintenance Mode 6.18.16
Mitigation steps: Update to Website Builder by SeedProd plugin version 6.18.16 or greater.
MailPoet – Newsletters, Email Marketing, and Automation – Cross Site Scripting (XSS)
Security Risk: Medium Exploitation Level: Requires Administrator or higher level authentication. Vulnerability: Cross Site Scripting (XSS) CVE: CVE-2024-12743 Number of Installations: 600,000+ Affected Software: MailPoet – Newsletters, Email Marketing, and Automation <= 5.5.1 Patched Versions: MailPoet – Newsletters, Email Marketing, and Automation 5.5.2
Mitigation steps: Update to MailPoet – Newsletters, Email Marketing, and Automation plugin version 5.5.2 or greater.
Royal Elementor Addons and Templates – Cross Site Scripting (XSS)
Security Risk: Medium Exploitation Level: Requires Contributor or higher level authentication. Vulnerability: Cross Site Scripting (XSS) CVE: CVE-2025-39361 Number of Installations: 600,000+ Affected Software: Royal Elementor Addons and Templates <= 1.7.1017 Patched Versions: Royal Elementor Addons and Templates 1.7.1018
Mitigation steps: Update to Royal Elementor Addons and Templates plugin version 1.7.1018 or greater.
Jeg Elementor Kit – Cross Site Scripting (XSS)
Security Risk: Medium Exploitation Level: Requires Contributor or higher level authentication. Vulnerability: Cross Site Scripting (XSS) CVE: CVE-2025-2944 Number of Installations: 300,000+ Affected Software: Jeg Elementor Kit <= 2.6.12 Patched Versions: Jeg Elementor Kit 2.6.13
Mitigation steps: Update to Jeg Elementor Kit plugin version 2.6.13 or greater.
Firelight Lightbox – Cross Site Scripting (XSS)
Security Risk: Medium Exploitation Level: Requires Contributor or higher level authentication. Vulnerability: Cross Site Scripting (XSS) CVE: CVE-2025-3597 Number of Installations: 200,000+ Affected Software: Firelight Lightbox <= 2.3.14 Patched Versions: Firelight Lightbox 2.3.15
Mitigation steps: Update to Firelight Lightbox plugin version 2.3.15 or greater.
Advanced File Manager — Ultimate WordPress File Manager and Document Library Plugin – Broken Access Control
Security Risk: Medium Exploitation Level: No authentication required. Vulnerability: Broken Access Control CVE: CVE-2025-47688 Number of Installations: 200,000+ Affected Software: Advanced File Manager — Ultimate WordPress File Manager and Document Library Plugin <= 5.3.1 Patched Versions: Advanced File Manager — Ultimate WordPress File Manager and Document Library Plugin 5.3.2
Mitigation steps: Update to Advanced File Manager — Ultimate WordPress File Manager and Document Library Plugin version 5.3.2 or greater.
Login Lockdown & Protection – Broken Access Control
Security Risk: Medium Exploitation Level: Requires Subscriber or higher level authentication. Vulnerability: Broken Access Control CVE: CVE-2025-3766 Number of Installations: 100,000+ Affected Software: Login Lockdown & Protection <= 2.11 Patched Versions: Login Lockdown & Protection 2.12
Mitigation steps: Update to Login Lockdown & Protection plugin version 2.12 or greater.
Relevanssi – A Better Search – SQL Injection
Security Risk: High Exploitation Level: No authentication required. Vulnerability: SQL Injection CVE: CVE-2025-4396 Number of Installations: 100,000+ Affected Software: Relevanssi – A Better Search <= 4.24.4 Patched Versions: Relevanssi – A Better Search 4.24.5
Mitigation steps: Update to Relevanssi – A Better Search plugin version 4.24.5 or greater.
Relevanssi – A Better Search – Cross Site Scripting (XSS)
Security Risk: High Exploitation Level: No authentication required. Vulnerability: Cross Site Scripting (XSS) CVE: CVE-2025-4054 Number of Installations: 100,000+ Affected Software: Relevanssi – A Better Search <= 4.24.3 Patched Versions: Relevanssi – A Better Search 4.24.4
Mitigation steps: Update to Relevanssi – A Better Search plugin version 4.24.4 or greater.
Download Monitor – Local File Inclusion
Security Risk: High Exploitation Level: Requires Contributor or higher level authentication. Vulnerability: Local File Inclusion CVE: CVE-2025-47439 Number of Installations: 90,000+ Affected Software: Download Monitor <= 5.0.22 Patched Versions: Download Monitor 5.0.23
Mitigation steps: Update to Download Monitor plugin version 5.0.23 or greater.
Jupiter X Core – Cross Site Scripting (XSS)
Security Risk: Medium Exploitation Level: Requires Contributor or higher level authentication. Vulnerability: Cross Site Scripting (XSS) CVE: CVE-2025-47475 Number of Installations: 90,000+ Affected Software: Jupiter X Core <= 4.8.11 Patched Versions: Jupiter X Core 4.8.12
Mitigation steps: Update to Jupiter X Core plugin version 4.8.12 or greater.
Contextual Related Posts – Cross Site Scripting (XSS)
Security Risk: Medium Exploitation Level: Requires Contributor or higher level authentication. Vulnerability: Cross Site Scripting (XSS) CVE: CVE-2025-47506 Number of Installations: 70,000+ Affected Software: Contextual Related Posts <= 4.0.2 Patched Versions: Contextual Related Posts 4.0.3
Mitigation steps: Update to Contextual Related Posts plugin version 4.0.3 or greater.
Bold Page Builder – Cross Site Scripting (XSS)
Security Risk: Medium Exploitation Level: Requires Administrator or higher level authentication. Vulnerability: Cross Site Scripting (XSS) CVE: CVE-2025-47525 Number of Installations: 50,000+ Affected Software: Bold Page Builder <= 5.3.0 Patched Versions: Bold Page Builder 5.3.1
Mitigation steps: Update to Bold Page Builder plugin version 5.3.1 or greater.
Bold Page Builder – Cross Site Scripting (XSS)
Security Risk: Medium Exploitation Level: Requires Contributor or higher level authentication. Vulnerability: Cross Site Scripting (XSS) CVE: CVE-2025-47488 Number of Installations: 50,000+ Affected Software: Bold Page Builder <= 5.3.2 Patched Versions: Bold Page Builder 5.3.3
Mitigation steps: Update to Bold Page Builder plugin version 5.3.3 or greater.
Ultimate Blocks – WordPress Blocks Plugin – Cross Site Scripting (XSS)
Security Risk: Medium Exploitation Level: Requires Contributor or higher level authentication. Vulnerability: Cross Site Scripting (XSS) CVE: CVE-2025-47493 Number of Installations: 50,000+ Affected Software: Ultimate Blocks – WordPress Blocks Plugin <= 3.2.9 Patched Versions: Ultimate Blocks – WordPress Blocks Plugin 3.3.0
Mitigation steps: Update to Ultimate Blocks – WordPress Blocks Plugin version 3.3.0 or greater.
TI WooCommerce Wishlist – Arbitrary File Upload
Security Risk: Critical Exploitation Level: No authentication required. Vulnerability: Arbitrary File Upload CVE: CVE-2025-47577 Number of Installations: 100,000+ Affected Software: TI WooCommerce Wishlist (all versions) Patched Versions: No Fix
Mitigation steps: No patch is currently available. Consider disabling the plugin until a fix is released.
TI WooCommerce Wishlist – Cross Site Scripting (XSS)
Security Risk: Medium Exploitation Level: Requires Contributor or higher level authentication. Vulnerability: Cross Site Scripting (XSS) CVE: CVE-2025-32920 Number of Installations: 100,000+ Affected Software: TI WooCommerce Wishlist (all versions) Patched Versions: No Fix
Mitigation steps: No patch is currently available. Consider disabling the plugin until a fix is released.
Jetpack – WP Security, Backup, Speed, & Growth – Cross Site Scripting (XSS)
Security Risk: Medium Exploitation Level: Requires Contributor or higher level authentication. Vulnerability: Cross Site Scripting (XSS) CVE: CVE-2024-10076 Number of Installations: 4,000,000+ Affected Software: Jetpack – WP Security, Backup, Speed, & Growth <= 13.7 Patched Versions: Jetpack – WP Security, Backup, Speed, & Growth 13.8
Mitigation steps: Update to Jetpack – WP Security, Backup, Speed, & Growth plugin version 13.8 or greater.
Jetpack – WP Security, Backup, Speed, & Growth – Content Injection
Security Risk: Medium Exploitation Level: No authentication required. Vulnerability: Content Injection CVE: CVE-2024-10075 Number of Installations: 4,000,000+ Affected Software: Jetpack – WP Security, Backup, Speed, & Growth <= 13.7 Patched Versions: Jetpack – WP Security, Backup, Speed, & Growth 13.8
Mitigation steps: Update to Jetpack – WP Security, Backup, Speed, & Growth plugin version 13.8 or greater.
All in One SEO – Powerful SEO Plugin to Boost SEO Rankings & Increase Traffic – Cross Site Scripting (XSS)
Security Risk: Medium Exploitation Level: Requires Contributor or higher level authentication. Vulnerability: Cross Site Scripting (XSS) CVE: CVE-2025-2892 Number of Installations: 3,000,000+ Affected Software: All in One SEO – Powerful SEO Plugin to Boost SEO Rankings & Increase Traffic <= 4.8.1 Patched Versions: All in One SEO – Powerful SEO Plugin to Boost SEO Rankings & Increase Traffic 4.8.2
Mitigation steps: Update to All in One SEO plugin version 4.8.2 or greater.
Ninja Forms – The Contact Form Builder That Grows With You – Cross Site Scripting (XSS)
Security Risk: Medium Exploitation Level: Requires Administrator or higher level authentication. Vulnerability: Cross Site Scripting (XSS) CVE: CVE-2025-2524 Number of Installations: 700,000+ Affected Software: Ninja Forms – The Contact Form Builder That Grows With You <= 3.10.0 Patched Versions: Ninja Forms – The Contact Form Builder That Grows With You 3.10.1
Mitigation steps: Update to Ninja Forms plugin version 3.10.1 or greater.
The Events Calendar – Broken Access Control
Security Risk: Medium Exploitation Level: Requires Subscriber or higher level authentication. Vulnerability: Broken Access Control CVE: CVE-2025-48246 Number of Installations: 700,000+ Affected Software: The Events Calendar <= 6.11.7 Patched Versions: The Events Calendar 6.12.0
Mitigation steps: Update to The Events Calendar plugin version 6.12.0 or greater.
The Events Calendar – Cross Site Scripting (XSS)
Security Risk: Medium Exploitation Level: Requires Administrator or higher level authentication. Vulnerability: Cross Site Scripting (XSS) CVE: CVE-2024-8493 Number of Installations: 700,000+ Affected Software: The Events Calendar <= 6.6.3 Patched Versions: The Events Calendar 6.6.4
Mitigation steps: Update to The Events Calendar plugin version 6.6.4 or greater.
Photo Gallery, Sliders, Proofing and Themes – NextGEN Gallery – Cross Site Scripting (XSS)
Security Risk: Medium Exploitation Level: Requires Contributor or higher level authentication. Vulnerability: Cross Site Scripting (XSS) CVE: CVE-2024-5878 Number of Installations: 400,000+ Affected Software: Photo Gallery, Sliders, Proofing and Themes – NextGEN Gallery <= 3.59.4 Patched Versions: Photo Gallery, Sliders, Proofing and Themes – NextGEN Gallery 3.59.5
Mitigation steps: Update to NextGEN Gallery plugin version 3.59.5 or greater.
Page Builder: Pagelayer – Drag and Drop website builder – Cross Site Scripting (XSS)
Security Risk: Medium Exploitation Level: Requires Administrator or higher level authentication. Vulnerability: Cross Site Scripting (XSS) CVE: CVE-2024-8618 Number of Installations: 300,000+ Affected Software: Page Builder: Pagelayer – Drag and Drop website builder <= 1.8.9 Patched Versions: Page Builder: Pagelayer – Drag and Drop website builder 1.9.0
Mitigation steps: Update to Pagelayer plugin version 1.9.0 or greater.
PrettyLinks – Affiliate Links, Link Branding, Link Tracking, Marketing and Stripe Payments Plugin – Broken Access Control
Security Risk: Medium Exploitation Level: Requires Subscriber or higher level authentication. Vulnerability: Broken Access Control CVE: CVE-2025-48247 Number of Installations: 300,000+ Affected Software: PrettyLinks – Affiliate Links, Link Branding, Link Tracking, Marketing and Stripe Payments Plugin <= 3.6.15 Patched Versions: PrettyLinks – Affiliate Links, Link Branding, Link Tracking, Marketing and Stripe Payments Plugin 3.6.16
Mitigation steps: Update to PrettyLinks plugin version 3.6.16 or greater.
Photo Gallery by 10Web – Mobile-Friendly Image Gallery – Cross Site Scripting (XSS)
Security Risk: Medium Exploitation Level: Requires Administrator or higher level authentication. Vulnerability: Cross Site Scripting (XSS) CVE: CVE-2024-8670 Number of Installations: 200,000+ Affected Software: Photo Gallery by 10Web – Mobile-Friendly Image Gallery <= 1.8.28 Patched Versions: Photo Gallery by 10Web – Mobile-Friendly Image Gallery 1.8.29
Mitigation steps: Update to Photo Gallery by 10Web plugin version 1.8.29 or greater.
Download Manager – Cross Site Scripting (XSS)
Security Risk: Medium Exploitation Level: Requires Administrator or higher level authentication. Vulnerability: Cross Site Scripting (XSS) CVE: CVE-2024-8284 Number of Installations: 100,000+ Affected Software: Download Manager <= 3.2.98 Patched Versions: Download Manager 3.2.99
Mitigation steps: Update to Download Manager plugin version 3.2.99 or greater.
Everest Forms – Contact Form, Quiz, Survey, Newsletter & Payment Form Builder for WordPress – Cross Site Scripting (XSS)
Security Risk: Medium Exploitation Level: Requires Administrator or higher level authentication. Vulnerability: Cross Site Scripting (XSS) CVE: CVE-2024-8542 Number of Installations: 100,000+ Affected Software: Everest Forms – Contact Form, Quiz, Survey, Newsletter & Payment Form Builder for WordPress <= 3.0.3 Patched Versions: Everest Forms – Contact Form, Quiz, Survey, Newsletter & Payment Form Builder for WordPress 3.0.3.1
Mitigation steps: Update to Everest Forms plugin version 3.0.3.1 or greater.
Floating Notification Bar, Sticky Menu on Scroll, Announcement Banner, and Sticky Header for Any Theme – My Sticky Bar (formerly myStickymenu) – Cross Site Scripting (XSS)
Security Risk: Medium Exploitation Level: Requires Administrator or higher level authentication. Vulnerability: Cross Site Scripting (XSS) CVE: CVE-2024-2643 Number of Installations: 100,000+ Affected Software: Floating Notification Bar, Sticky Menu on Scroll, Announcement Banner, and Sticky Header for Any Theme – My Sticky Bar (formerly myStickymenu) <= 2.6.7 Patched Versions: Floating Notification Bar, Sticky Menu on Scroll, Announcement Banner, and Sticky Header for Any Theme – My Sticky Bar (formerly myStickymenu) 2.6.8
Mitigation steps: Update to My Sticky Bar plugin version 2.6.8 or greater.
Responsive Lightbox & Gallery – Cross Site Scripting (XSS)
Security Risk: Medium Exploitation Level: Requires Contributor or higher level authentication. Vulnerability: Cross Site Scripting (XSS) CVE: CVE-2025-3742 Number of Installations: 100,000+ Affected Software: Responsive Lightbox & Gallery <= 2.5.0 Patched Versions: Responsive Lightbox & Gallery 2.5.1
Mitigation steps: Update to Responsive Lightbox & Gallery plugin version 2.5.1 or greater.
Simple Lightbox – Cross Site Scripting (XSS)
Security Risk: Medium Exploitation Level: Requires Contributor or higher level authentication. Vulnerability: Cross Site Scripting (XSS) CVE: CVE-2025-3516 Number of Installations: 100,000+ Affected Software: Simple Lightbox <= 2.9.3 Patched Versions: Simple Lightbox 2.9.4
Mitigation steps: Update to Simple Lightbox plugin version 2.9.4 or greater.
Tracking Code Manager – Cross Site Scripting (XSS)
Security Risk: Medium Exploitation Level: Requires Administrator or higher level authentication. Vulnerability: Cross Site Scripting (XSS) CVE: CVE-2024-6335 Number of Installations: 100,000+ Affected Software: Tracking Code Manager <= 2.2.9 Patched Versions: Tracking Code Manager 2.3.0
Mitigation steps: Update to Tracking Code Manager plugin version 2.3.0 or greater.
Social Media Share Buttons & Social Sharing Icons – Cross Site Scripting (XSS)
Security Risk: Medium Exploitation Level: Requires Administrator or higher level authentication. Vulnerability: Cross Site Scripting (XSS) CVE: CVE-2024-10362 Number of Installations: 100,000+ Affected Software: Social Media Share Buttons & Social Sharing Icons <= 2.9.0 Patched Versions: Social Media Share Buttons & Social Sharing Icons 2.9.1
Mitigation steps: Update to Social Media Share Buttons & Social Sharing Icons plugin version 2.9.1 or greater.
Hustle – Email Marketing, Lead Generation, Optins, Popups – Cross Site Scripting (XSS)
Security Risk: Medium Exploitation Level: Requires Administrator or higher level authentication. Vulnerability: Cross Site Scripting (XSS) CVE: CVE-2024-8492 Number of Installations: 100,000+ Affected Software: Hustle – Email Marketing, Lead Generation, Optins, Popups <= 7.8.4 Patched Versions: Hustle – Email Marketing, Lead Generation, Optins, Popups 7.8.5
Mitigation steps: Update to Hustle plugin version 7.8.5 or greater.
Jupiter X Core – Cross Site Scripting (XSS)
Security Risk: Medium Exploitation Level: Requires Contributor or higher level authentication. Vulnerability: Cross Site Scripting (XSS) CVE: CVE-2025-3888 Number of Installations: 90,000+ Affected Software: Jupiter X Core <= 4.9.0 Patched Versions: Jupiter X Core 4.9.1
Mitigation steps: Update to Jupiter X Core plugin version 4.9.1 or greater.
LearnPress – WordPress LMS Plugin – Cross Site Scripting (XSS)
Security Risk: Medium Exploitation Level: Requires Administrator or higher level authentication. Vulnerability: Cross Site Scripting (XSS) CVE: CVE-2024-13128 Number of Installations: 90,000+ Affected Software: LearnPress – WordPress LMS Plugin <= 4.2.7.5 Patched Versions: LearnPress – WordPress LMS Plugin 4.2.7.5.1
Mitigation steps: Update to LearnPress plugin version 4.2.7.5.1 or greater.
Nested Pages – Cross Site Scripting (XSS)
Security Risk: Medium Exploitation Level: Requires Editor or higher level authentication. Vulnerability: Cross Site Scripting (XSS) CVE: CVE-2024-8759 Number of Installations: 90,000+ Affected Software: Nested Pages <= 3.2.8 Patched Versions: Nested Pages 3.2.9
Mitigation steps: Update to Nested Pages plugin version 3.2.9 or greater.
Ajax Search Lite – Live Search & Filter – Cross Site Scripting (XSS)
Security Risk: Medium Exploitation Level: Requires Administrator or higher level authentication. Vulnerability: Cross Site Scripting (XSS) CVE: CVE-2024-8619 Number of Installations: 80,000+ Affected Software: Ajax Search Lite – Live Search & Filter <= 4.12.2 Patched Versions: Ajax Search Lite – Live Search & Filter 4.12.3
Mitigation steps: Update to Ajax Search Lite – Live Search & Filter plugin version 4.12.3 or greater.
ImageMagick Engine – Remote Code Execution (RCE)
Security Risk: Critical Exploitation Level: Requires Administrator or higher level authentication. Vulnerability: Remote Code Execution (RCE) CVE: CVE-2024-6486 Number of Installations: 70,000+ Affected Software: ImageMagick Engine <= 1.7.10 Patched Versions: ImageMagick Engine 1.7.11
Mitigation steps: Update to ImageMagick Engine plugin version 1.7.11 or greater.
Exclusive Addons for Elementor – Cross Site Scripting (XSS)
Security Risk: Medium Exploitation Level: Requires Administrator or higher level authentication. Vulnerability: Cross Site Scripting (XSS) CVE: CVE-2025-48244 Number of Installations: 60,000+ Affected Software: Exclusive Addons for Elementor <= 2.7.9 Patched Versions: Exclusive Addons for Elementor 2.7.9.1
Mitigation steps: Update to Exclusive Addons for Elementor plugin version 2.7.9.1 or greater.
Qi Blocks – Cross Site Scripting (XSS)
Security Risk: Medium Exploitation Level: Requires Contributor or higher level authentication. Vulnerability: Cross Site Scripting (XSS) CVE: CVE-2025-1625 Number of Installations: 60,000+ Affected Software: Qi Blocks <= 1.3.9 Patched Versions: Qi Blocks 1.4
Mitigation steps: Update to Qi Blocks plugin version 1.4 or greater.
WP-Members Membership Plugin – Cross Site Scripting (XSS)
Security Risk: Medium Exploitation Level: Requires Contributor or higher level authentication. Vulnerability: Cross Site Scripting (XSS) CVE: CVE-2025-4610 Number of Installations: 60,000+ Affected Software: WP-Members Membership Plugin <= 3.5.2 Patched Versions: WP-Members Membership Plugin 3.5.3
Mitigation steps: Update to WP-Members Membership Plugin version 3.5.3 or greater.
Popup Box – Create Countdown, Coupon, Video, Contact Form Popups – Cross Site Scripting (XSS)
Security Risk: Medium Exploitation Level: Requires Administrator or higher level authentication. Vulnerability: Cross Site Scripting (XSS) CVE: CVE-2024-9599 Number of Installations: 50,000+ Affected Software: Popup Box – Create Countdown, Coupon, Video, Contact Form Popups <= 4.7.7 Patched Versions: Popup Box – Create Countdown, Coupon, Video, Contact Form Popups 4.7.8
Mitigation steps: Update to Popup Box plugin version 4.7.8 or greater.
WP Booking Calendar – Cross Site Scripting (XSS)
Security Risk: Medium Exploitation Level: Requires Contributor or higher level authentication. Vulnerability: Cross Site Scripting (XSS) CVE: CVE-2025-4669 Number of Installations: 50,000+ Affected Software: WP Booking Calendar <= 10.11.1 Patched Versions: WP Booking Calendar 10.11.2
Mitigation steps: Update to WP Booking Calendar plugin version 10.11.2 or greater.
User Profile Builder – Beautiful User Registration Forms, User Profiles & User Role Editor – Cross Site Scripting (XSS)
Security Risk: Medium Exploitation Level: Requires Administrator or higher level authentication. Vulnerability: Cross Site Scripting (XSS) CVE: CVE-2024-6708 Number of Installations: 50,000+ Affected Software: User Profile Builder – Beautiful User Registration Forms, User Profiles & User Role Editor <= 3.12.1 Patched Versions: User Profile Builder – Beautiful User Registration Forms, User Profiles & User Role Editor 3.12.2
Mitigation steps: Update to User Profile Builder plugin version 3.12.2 or greater.
Ultimate Blocks – WordPress Blocks Plugin – Cross Site Scripting (XSS)
Security Risk: Medium Exploitation Level: Requires Contributor or higher level authentication. Vulnerability: Cross Site Scripting (XSS) CVE: CVE-2025-48234 Number of Installations: 50,000+ Affected Software: Ultimate Blocks – WordPress Blocks Plugin <= 3.3.0 Patched Versions: Ultimate Blocks – WordPress Blocks Plugin 3.3.1
Mitigation steps: Update to Ultimate Blocks – WordPress Blocks Plugin version 3.3.1 or greater.
Uncanny Automator – Easy Automation, Integration, Webhooks & Workflow Builder Plugin – Broken Access Control
Security Risk: Medium Exploitation Level: Requires Subscriber or higher level authentication. Vulnerability: Broken Access Control CVE: CVE-2025-4520 Number of Installations: 50,000+ Affected Software: Uncanny Automator – Easy Automation, Integration, Webhooks & Workflow Builder Plugin <= 6.4.9 Patched Versions: Uncanny Automator – Easy Automation, Integration, Webhooks & Workflow Builder Plugin 6.5.0
Mitigation steps: Update to Uncanny Automator plugin version 6.5.0 or greater.
Uncanny Automator – Easy Automation, Integration, Webhooks & Workflow Builder Plugin – PHP Object Injection
Security Risk: High Exploitation Level: Requires Subscriber or higher level authentication. Vulnerability: PHP Object Injection CVE: CVE-2025-3623 Number of Installations: 50,000+ Affected Software: Uncanny Automator – Easy Automation, Integration, Webhooks & Workflow Builder Plugin <= 6.4.0.1 Patched Versions: Uncanny Automator – Easy Automation, Integration, Webhooks & Workflow Builder Plugin 6.4.0.2
Mitigation steps: Update to Uncanny Automator plugin version 6.4.0.2 or greater.
Visual Composer Website Builder – Cross Site Scripting (XSS)
Security Risk: Medium Exploitation Level: Requires Contributor or higher level authentication. Vulnerability: Cross Site Scripting (XSS) CVE: CVE-2025-48276 Number of Installations: 50,000+ Affected Software: Visual Composer Website Builder <= 45.11.0 Patched Versions: Visual Composer Website Builder 45.12.0
Mitigation steps: Update to Visual Composer Website Builder plugin version 45.12.0 or greater.
WooCommerce – Cross Site Scripting (XSS)
Security Risk: High Exploitation Level: No authentication required. Vulnerability: Cross Site Scripting (XSS) CVE: CVE-2025-5062 Number of Installations: 8,000,000+ Affected Software: WooCommerce <= 9.3.3 Patched Versions: WooCommerce 9.3.4
Mitigation steps: Update to WooCommerce plugin version 9.3.4 or greater.
TablePress – Tables in WordPress made easy – Cross Site Scripting (XSS)
Security Risk: Medium Exploitation Level: Requires Contributor or higher level authentication. Vulnerability: Cross Site Scripting (XSS) CVE: CVE-2025-5096 Number of Installations: 700,000+ Affected Software: TablePress – Tables in WordPress made easy <= 3.1.2 Patched Versions: TablePress – Tables in WordPress made easy 3.1.3
Mitigation steps: Update to TablePress plugin version 3.1.3 or greater.
Page Builder: Pagelayer – Drag and Drop website builder – Cross Site Scripting (XSS)
Security Risk: High Exploitation Level: No authentication required. Vulnerability: Cross Site Scripting (XSS) CVE: CVE-2025-4223 Number of Installations: 300,000+ Affected Software: Page Builder: Pagelayer – Drag and Drop website builder <= 2.0.0 Patched Versions: Page Builder: Pagelayer – Drag and Drop website builder 2.0.1
Mitigation steps: Update to Pagelayer plugin version 2.0.1 or greater.
Page Builder: Pagelayer – Drag and Drop website builder – Cross Site Scripting (XSS)
Security Risk: Medium Exploitation Level: Requires Contributor or higher level authentication. Vulnerability: Cross Site Scripting (XSS) CVE: CVE-2024-13427 Number of Installations: 300,000+ Affected Software: Page Builder: Pagelayer – Drag and Drop website builder <= 2.0.0 Patched Versions: Page Builder: Pagelayer – Drag and Drop website builder 2.0.1
Mitigation steps: Update to Pagelayer plugin version 2.0.1 or greater.
Essential Blocks – AI-Powered Page Builder Gutenberg Blocks, Patterns & Templates – Cross Site Scripting (XSS)
Security Risk: Medium Exploitation Level: Requires Contributor or higher level authentication. Vulnerability: Cross Site Scripting (XSS) CVE: CVE-2025-4682 Number of Installations: 100,000+ Affected Software: Essential Blocks – AI-Powered Page Builder Gutenberg Blocks, Patterns & Templates <= 5.4.0 Patched Versions: Essential Blocks – AI-Powered Page Builder Gutenberg Blocks, Patterns & Templates 5.4.1
Mitigation steps: Update to Essential Blocks plugin version 5.4.1 or greater.
Solid Mail – SMTP email and logging made by SolidWP – Cross Site Scripting (XSS)
Security Risk: High Exploitation Level: No authentication required. Vulnerability: Cross Site Scripting (XSS) CVE: CVE-2025-1123 Number of Installations: 70,000+ Affected Software: Solid Mail – SMTP email and logging made by SolidWP <= 2.1.5 Patched Versions: Solid Mail – SMTP email and logging made by SolidWP 2.1.6
Mitigation steps: Update to Solid Mail plugin version 2.1.6 or greater.
Exclusive Addons for Elementor – Cross Site Scripting (XSS)
Security Risk: Medium Exploitation Level: Requires Contributor or higher level authentication. Vulnerability: Cross Site Scripting (XSS) CVE: CVE-2025-4783 Number of Installations: 60,000+ Affected Software: Exclusive Addons for Elementor <= 2.7.9.1 Patched Versions: Exclusive Addons for Elementor 2.7.9.2
Mitigation steps: Update to Exclusive Addons for Elementor plugin version 2.7.9.2 or greater.
Blog2Social: Social Media Auto Post & Scheduler – Cross Site Scripting (XSS)
Security Risk: Medium Exploitation Level: Requires Contributor or higher level authentication. Vulnerability: Cross Site Scripting (XSS) CVE: CVE-2025-4133 Number of Installations: 50,000+ Affected Software: Blog2Social: Social Media Auto Post & Scheduler <= 8.3.1 Patched Versions: Blog2Social: Social Media Auto Post & Scheduler 8.4.0
Mitigation steps: Update to Blog2Social plugin version 8.4.0 or greater.
Slim SEO – Fast & Automated WordPress SEO Plugin – Cross Site Scripting (XSS)
Security Risk: Medium Exploitation Level: Requires Contributor or higher level authentication. Vulnerability: Cross Site Scripting (XSS) CVE: CVE-2025-4611 Number of Installations: 50,000+ Affected Software: Slim SEO – Fast & Automated WordPress SEO Plugin <= 4.5.3 Patched Versions: Slim SEO – Fast & Automated WordPress SEO Plugin 4.5.4
Mitigation steps: Update to Slim SEO plugin version 4.5.4 or greater.
Themes
NewsBlogger – Arbitrary File Upload
Security Risk: High Exploitation Level: Requires Subscriber or higher level authentication. Vulnerability: Arbitrary File Upload CVE: CVE-2025-1304 Number of Downloads: 100,624 Affected Software: NewsBlogger <= 0.2.5.1 Patched Versions: NewsBlogger 0.2.5.2
Mitigation steps: Update to NewsBlogger theme version 0.2.5.2 or greater.
Blocksy – Broken Access Control
Security Risk: Medium Exploitation Level: Requires Administrator or higher level authentication. Vulnerability: Broken Access Control CVE: CVE-2025-47465 Number of Downloads: 4,484,472 Affected Software: Blocksy <= 2.0.97 Patched Versions: Blocksy 2.0.98
Mitigation steps: Update to Blocksy theme version 2.0.98 or greater.
Update your website software to mitigate risk. Users who are not able to update their software with the latest version are encouraged to use a web application firewall to help virtually patch known vulnerabilities and protect their website.
Gerson Ruiz
Ben Martin
Marc-Alexandre Montpas
John Castro
Samuel Odendaal![Malware comes in many different varieties. Analyst Krasimir Konov is on this month’s Sucuri Sit-Down to help keep them all straight. From malicious iframes to SEO spam, join host Justin Channell as he racks Krasimir’s brain on all the different types of malware. Also, Krasimir discusses his recent blog post about a malicious cURL downloader, and Justin breaks down the latest website security news, including patched plugins you should update. Podcast Transcript Justin Channell: Hello, and welcome to the Sucuri Sit Down. I'm your host, Justin Channell, and this is a monthly podcast about website security, where we get in-depth with the malware removal experts here at Sucuri. Later in the show, I'll have our analyst Krasimir Konov to chat about some different types of malware, but first, let's take a look at other topics we've published on our blog and Sucuri labs notes this month. First up, we have some new information about credit card skimming with hackers using a hybrid method to steal payment information from eCommerce websites. Our analyst Dennis Sinegubko wrote about this for the Sucuri blog back at the beginning of June. Now, most credit card stealing malware is a client side JavaScript that grabs data and sends it to a third party server. But, that approach has a drawback for bad actors because it's still possible to track the requests and catch them as being suspicious. Now, to get around that, bad actors have started harvesting information server side by modifying core PHP files. In this case, the infection would be undetectable from the outside, but it's still going to be pretty easy to find because you're rarely modifying any of those core files, so any of those changes that are going to come up are going to be suspicious. To get around both of these drawbacks, we're seeing bad actors combine the two. So client side snippets of JavaScript are sending stolen credit card data to server side scripts that they've installed on the same server as the site. Now, this allows bad actors to cover their tracks a little bit because the traffic that's being redirected is going to the same server, and that's less likely to be flagged as suspicious. It's a bit more complicated to pull this off, but our team has been seeing this hybrid approach in the wild, so it's something to be on the lookout for. Now, another month has passed, and we found more cross site scripting attacks targeting WordPress plugins. Most notably, we discovered one that affects users of the YITH WooCommerce Ajax Product Filter plugin. Now, this is a plugin that allows WooCommerce stores to be filtered by product type, and it's pretty popular. It's got about 100,000 users right now, so with it being vulnerable, it's very important that all of them update to the latest version, which is 3.11.1. Some of the other plugins we found cross site scripting vulnerabilities with included Elementor Page Builder, Careerfy, JobSearch, and Newspaper. If you're looking for a full list of vulnerabilities that have been patched this month, John Castro at the Sucuri Labs blog has you covered. Check out our show notes for the link. Also, this month I had a blog go up detailing what's called a jibberish hack. It's basically the same motivation as an SEO spam attack where bad actors use your site's good standing to redirect visitors to their own sites. But in this attack, you'll find a bunch of randomly named folders filled with a ton of HTML files with really nonsensical file names like cheap-cool-hairstyles-photos.html. It's just going to be a mishmash of keywords that clearly you didn't put there. Unfortunately, just deleting all those HTML files and folders is not going to be enough to get rid of that jibberish hack though. You're going to need to fully clean any hacked files and database tables, and then you're going to have to deal with all the damage caused to your site's standing. And just keep in mind, if you find anything about that process too daunting, we're always here to help. Now, for this month's Sit Down, we have Sucuri analyst Krasimir Konov. Earlier in June, he had written a lab's note about a malicious downloader script that used the curl function, and we chatted a bit about it, but more importantly, we went really in-depth on all the different varieties of malware that website owners need to be aware of. But, before I get started with Krasimir, I just wanted to remind you about the Sucuri Sync-Up, our sister podcast. It's a weekly website security news briefing that you can find anywhere you get your podcasts, as well as the video version on our social media feed, and now you can even get it on your Amazon Alexa smart speakers. Just search Amazon skills for Sucuri Sync-Up, add the flash briefing, and get new content delivered every Monday. Now, on with the show. Hi Krasimir, thanks for joining us on the show. I thought we could start off and maybe have you tell us a little bit about yourself and what you do here at Sucuri? Krasimir Konov: Yeah, sure. Well, I joined Sucuri originally in 2014, but I've been in the IT business for about 10 years. Nine of those I did security. And currently at Sucuri I'm one of the malware analysts. I used to work in the front lines, used to clean websites and whatnot, and then I gradually moved up, and now I'm working in the malware research department. And my day to day job is basically analyzing malware, and then once I analyze it and figure out what it is, then I will create a signature for it. And we'll add those signatures to our tools, so we can automate some of the work we do. And I also write some Labs Notes blog posts. Usually, if I find something interesting in malware or some security topic, I'll write about it. Justin Channell: Yeah. And of those topics recently that you wrote about, one was about a malicious curl downloader, and how exactly did that work? Krasimir Konov: Right, yeah. That was an interesting one, but not very unique or anything like that. We see that a lot with curl being used as a downloader. It's a very common malware. So rather than including the actual malware in the file, the attackers would use curl to download the malicious code. In this case, they'll download it from Pastebin, but it could be anything. It could be another website or anything like that, and curl would just make a call to the website, request the code. The website will respond with the code, and then later on, there is some code to either save the output somewhere on the website, or you'll just run it through eval and execute the actual code right away. Justin Channell: Right. And you said that it's commonly found in malware, but let's kind of maybe talk a bit broader about malware in general. What is everything that is classified as malware? Krasimir Konov: Well, in general it will be anything that the owner of the website didn't authorize, anything that was added by a third party. There is a lot of different malware. It could be even something like a defacement that will also be considered malware because it was something the user did not authorize. Even though it might not be doing anything malicious on the website, it's not infecting users, the visit is still something they did not authorize. So defacement would also be considered malware. And even something like ransomware where the website is technically not really damaged, it's all encrypted, but it's not infecting anybody. It's not doing anything malicious, but it's still encrypting the entire website and asking the user or the customer, the owner of the website for a ransom they need to pay in order to get the website back online. Justin Channell: Okay. Let's maybe break it down to each individual type of malware. For example, what would be a way that maybe I-frames could be maliciously used by a hacker? Krasimir Konov: Yeah. An I-frame can be used maliciously when it loads content from another location. You can look at the I-frame as a window that just opens another website. So anything that website has on it, you're pretty much loading it through the I-frame. So if that website is infected and it's serving some kind of malware, by opening an I-frame, you're loading all those elements, everything that was on this website. And sometimes the I-frame can be as small as pixel or something hidden somewhere off the screen, so you wouldn't even know that it was opening it. Justin Channell: And yeah, I feel like we've also seen a lot of them where they're used almost to mimic popups as well. Krasimir Konov: Yeah. I mean the I-frame, it could just load from another website and the other website could do anything. It could be serving just malware and it would try to infect the user that doesn't even know that they're being connected to the other website. It could just have some other JavaScript that's just trying to open up pop ups on the original website through the I-frame. Yeah, it could be a lot of things. Justin Channell: Okay. And also, let's talk a little bit about conditional redirects and how those work. What allows a script to detect which devices are coming in and where they're coming from? Krasimir Konov: Right. Yeah. That's a common one we see a lot. Basically, a conditional redirect would be something, it's a redirect on the website. It's obviously malicious, but there's certain conditions that need to be met before the redirect is actually executed or the redirect happens. For example, let's say if it's on a phishing website or a phishing page that is hidden somewhere on the website. For example, if Google visits it, obviously the attacker doesn't want Google to see the actual phishing page and record it as a phishing page. So they'll look for, for example, the IP address. They would look for the user agent. And a lot of times they can tell that it's a bot. So they'll just return a 404 response, for example, that will be like, "Oh, page not found." So Google would be like, "Oh, it looks like this page doesn't exist." But then if a regular user goes to the same page, then those conditions will be met. The actual website or the script behind the phishing will check and see, and be like, "Oh, this one is running Firefox or Chrome," and be like, okay. And then they'll look at the IP and be like, "Oh, he's in whatever, he's in United States somewhere." And he's like, "Oh, okay. That's good." And then once all of these conditions are met, then the actual script will serve them the actual phishing page. And it'll be like, "Oh, you need to fill out this to recover your account or whatever, or type in your credentials to log in here." Justin Channell: And so this is the type of thing we're really, a website owner is going to run into this more commonly when people are complaining about they're getting served bad content or whatever, and they can't seem to replicate it. It's likely probably these kind of redirects. Is that right? Krasimir Konov: Right, right. It could be something as specific as, for example, a range of IP addresses that correspond to an ISP or maybe let's say a country. It could be like, "Oh, were targeting only customers in the US," so if you're connecting from another country and you go to the same website or the same page, it would just say 404. It will give you a page not found. But then if you actually have an IP address from the United States, you're connecting from the United States, then it will actually show you the phishing page. Justin Channell: Now another type of malware I feel like we see a lot here is SEO spam. We hear people talking about that. What are some of the top SEO spam keywords that you see coming through? Krasimir Konov: Yeah. We get that a lot. We see a lot of spam on websites. A lot of times attackers will use SEO spam to gain ranking for their own website. Or they'll just try to include some kind of SEO spam in links to another website that they're currently running or something. I mean, these things change all the time. So a website might be up for a week and then it'll disappear, and then they'll start another campaign. But yeah, we see that a lot. We see all kinds of keywords they use. Most common ones will be something like Viagra. We'll have like jerseys for sale. A lot of times, they'll use name brands like Nike, Rolex, Prada. We've seen even some essay writing services for some reason. I'm not sure why, but that's common. We see, for example, pharmaceuticals a lot that will use specific medicine names. They'll use all kinds of replicas, like a replica bag of this, replica this, replica that. We'd see prescription, also payday loans. And obviously there's some adult related sites and things like that keywords. Justin Channell: So pretty much anything that people are going to be searching and clicking on are probably going to be targets for SEO spam? Krasimir Konov: Right. I think a lot of it commonly is pharma related because a lot of people are looking to buy medicine online, and a lot of times will require a prescription. So a lot of people are like, "Oh, let me see if I can find this medicine that I can buy it online somewhere." They don't need a prescription. They don't want to pay to visit a doctor and whatnot, and they'll look for it. And yeah. Justin Channell: Now, whenever somebody's website does get hacked with a SEO spam attack, what kind of effect can it have on the website beyond just being defaced? Krasimir Konov: Yeah. You can have a lot of things can happen, negative things. For example, the website can be blacklisted because of the keywords. And that usually represents a big red warning when you go on the website, depending on who blacklisted it. But if it's Google, for example, you'll see a big warning and it'll tell you this website contains malware or there's something wrong with this website. So, pretty much all the traffic on the website will be gone. And then you can also lose a lot of your reputation if there is a SEO spam on the website. For example, if you were ranked in say number five for certain keywords that represent your product on Google search engines, and then suddenly you get hit with SEO spam, then all these search engines then go and visit the website. And all of a sudden they're like, "Oh, there's all these weird key words on here, all this SEO spam that's causing a lot of mixed signals." And the search engines are like, "Oh, where do we rank this website now? Do we rank them with this product that's originally what the website is about? Or do we take into consideration all these other keywords that are mixed up that are SEO spam?" So, all of a sudden your website might go from being ranked number five on the first page to being on the 10th page. And then you rank for all these other keywords that you didn't intend to. And then people search for something completely different. They're searching for jerseys or something, or now they're searching for Prada products, and then suddenly your website pops up in there. So you're not really getting any good traffic, not targeted traffic. But, yeah. Justin Channell: Okay. So in a lot of ways, the effects of SEO spam would kind of be the same for defacements or any kind of malware with the blacklisting, but it does bring that kind of unique part to it where then it can also then bring traffic that you weren't expecting from somebody searching for jerseys, for example. I had not really ever thought about that. Krasimir Konov: Right, right. Yeah. It will definitely bring some traffic. I've seen a lot of times where websites will be connected. Let's say, there was 1,000 websites that were all infected with SEO spam, and it will kind of link each other to try to bring each other up into the rankings. And so you would see a lot of strange traffic from some random websites that were, for example, that were previously infected, even if they might not be anymore. But yeah, they'll be sending traffic to you or there'll be usually search engines sending you traffic, but for the wrong keywords. People are looking for something else, so obviously they're not going to be interested in your website. They're not going to buy anything because they're not looking for that. Justin Channell: And now, so thinking of the way websites get infected, a very common way it seems to be is through phishing campaigns. What are some recommendations you have for the best ways to avoid becoming a phishing victim? Krasimir Konov: Yeah. There is some ways. I mean, it depends really on the type of attack. Obviously, a lot of people, when they think of phishing, they think, "Oh, it's just like a PayPal phishing page and it just looks like the original," but it could be more subtle. If it's just a regular page where you're just going and you get redirected to another website, obviously the first thing to look is if you have the security padlocks, make sure that traffic is encrypted. A lot of these websites don't really have any encryption nowadays. More are starting to get that with pre SSLs being issued and whatnot. But that's the first thing to look and see, make sure. Anywhere you're typing your sensitive information, you want to make sure you have the padlock to make sure everything is encrypted. Krasimir Konov: But also you want to look at the URL of the actual website you're visiting. A lot of times they'll try to hide it. So you might have to be careful and look closely. Something that might be an I will be an L or something like that. And a capital I and L might look kind of similar into your IRL, so you might miss something like that. Say, if you're looking for PayPal and it might replace the L with an I, and if you don't look closely, it might look exactly the same. And you're like, "Oh, okay, it's paypal.com," but not really. So yeah. Just pay attention to the URL, make sure it is the actual website. There's no paypal.com dot something, dot something else, dot com. Yeah. You want it to just say paypal.com, and then it'll have forward slash and something else. But yeah, it gets more complicated when you have, for example, a phishing page that's injected into a regular page. For example, you have a checkout page on a website that you're buying things from and you go through the checkout page and you're looking at where you type in your credit card information and whatnot. And you might have a phishing page that actually looks exactly like a little box that gives you where you put in your credit card number, or your name, your address, and all that. So that will be more subtle. For example, that could be also an I-frame that's just coming from another page. And it will look exactly like it's part of the website. You're on the legitimate website, but only that portion of the website is actually the phishing page. And you look at it and you're like, "Oh, okay. It looks fine. I'm just putting my credentials." So that one could be a lot harder to figure it out. Usually, if it's something like that, I look for something that looks kind of out of place. Maybe they didn't get the right font. It might not be the same as the original website or there might be something out of place, some fields that are missing or some fields that are squished into the left or the right. It looks kind of awkward. It's like, why would this be like this? The whole website looks professional. There's a pink background or something, for example, and then suddenly there's this white box in the middle. It's like, ah, it looks kind of weird, out of place. Justin Channell: So pretty much if anything looks slightly out of place, you really should double check everything at that point. Krasimir Konov: Right. Right. Yeah. Obviously there's more ways that you can check, but I wouldn't get into more technical, like inspecting elements and looking at stuff, but yeah. Justin Channell: And now another type of malware that's kind of, and it kind of plays in with whatever the other infection is, is backdoors. Can you give us some examples of what backdoors can be? It's mainly just when a hacker can get back into the site to reinfect it, but I know there are a ton of different methods. And what are some of the more common ones and then maybe some that really interesting that you've seen? Krasimir Konov: Yeah, there is a lot. They'll probably be one of the first things the hacker would do is if they compromise a website, obviously they'll try to spread backdoors and just inject code everywhere so they can get back in, even if the owner of the website or webmaster cleans it. They want to try and hide some malicious code somewhere so they can always get back in. There's many variations. A backdoor could be something as simple as a single line of code to just [inaudible 00:20:19] argument, some kind of string or something via get or post. Krasimir Konov: And then it runs into an eval, so it evaluates the code and executes it. And some backdoors are very complex and they can be included in, let's say you have a WordPress site and you have a specific login page where all the login credentials are being processed and everything else. They could even inject code into that to basically bypass the whole login mechanism so that they can just bypass everything. They don't even have to know any user. They don't have to know the password, nothing. They'll just include some lines in there, and every time they'll be just able to log in. Yeah. It gets pretty crazy. Yeah. I mean, there's all kinds of malware. There is always a malware, for example, that just targets credit cards and will just target the eCommerce websites. And they'll just try to steal the login credentials, I mean, the credit cards. They'll try to get your address, your credit card information, any kind of CVV code or whatever you typed into the billing address, everything. And then there's also malware like the backdoors that are just trying to keep the attacker in control and trying to get them back into the website. There's just so many variations of what a malicious user might want to do on a website. Some can be something as simple as just reinfecting the website. They don't want to keep control. They just want to keep reinfecting it with some kind of malware. So even if you clean it, it would just get reinfected. Some of them in the database, otherwise might be in the files. We've seen some added into a [inaudible 00:22:14] job that just keeps running on the server. There could be malware that is just a giant to, for example, attack out of websites. Like for example, a distributed denial service where they put the same malware on thousands of websites. And then they try to send traffic to one website to try to bring it down. Yeah. People try to do all kinds of stuff with websites. We've seen even some cryptocurrency mining malware that you go onto a website and suddenly your PC starts running like crazy. And you're like, what the hell is going on? Your fans turn on and the PC is 100% CPU. And it turns out that the website has some malware that's just by mining Bitcoins with your CPU and it's using all of it. Justin Channell: Wow. Okay. So one question now, the last question I have is of all the malware that you've seen, what do you think is the coolest piece of malware that you've ever seen? Krasimir Konov: I think the coolest would be the ones that are so subtle that you don't even know that it's there. For example, we've seen some that were pretty innovative. It will be just a one liner code that's just one line. And for example, it will be let's say 40-50 characters, something like that. And that's all it is. And they'll hide it somewhere in between the legitimate code. And if you don't know what you're looking for, you would never see it. It doesn't look suspicious. There is no links to some other website. There's no some kind of encrypted code or anything like that. It's just a simple one line. And then if you're just scrolling through the file looking for something, you would never see it. It just looks like all the other code. And then if you look closely, you're like, "Oh, there's this..." Look closely, and you're like, "Oh wow, this is not supposed to be there." And then you keep looking at it and you're like, "This looks really weird." And then you see that it's actually doing some malicious things and trying to evaluate some code or taking output from the outside, I mean, some input from outside, you can call it and give it code to run. Justin Channell: Well, Krasimir, thanks for coming on and talking to us for today. Krasimir Konov: Yeah. Thank you. Thank you. I'm so happy. I'm glad I was able to do this podcast and I can't wait to do another one. Justin Channell: Yeah, we'll have you on again. Thanks. Krasimir Konov: Thank you. Justin Channell: Thanks again to Krasimir for joining us here on the Sit Down. We'll be back with another episode next month. So be sure to subscribe on Apple podcasts, Spotify, Stitcher, or any podcasting platform. Also, be sure to follow us on social media at Sucuri Security and check us out at sucuri.net. That's S-U-C-U-R-I.net. I'm Justin Channell, And this has been the Sucuri Sit Down. Stay safe out there.](https://blog.sucuri.net/wp-content/uploads/2020/05/20-sucuri-podcast-blog-post_blog_image-390x183.jpg)
Justin Channell
Pilar Garcia
Denis Sinegubko
Gabriel Barbosa
Cesar Anjos